Anatomy and Physiology,
Exam 2
October 24, 2002. 100 pts
Multiple Choice: Choose the best answer. 1 pt each
1) _____ Keratin is found
in: A) the epidermis. B) hair. C) finger nails. D) all of the
above. E) A & B only.
2) _____ Neighboring osteocytes can communicate with each other by way of their:
A) osteoids. B) Volkman’s canals. C) canaliculi. D) central canals. E)
cyte phones.
3)_____ Ceruminous glands secrete: A) mucus. B) ear wax. C) sweat. D) pheromones.
E) sebum.
4) _____ Langer's lines are due to: A) the pattern of keratin in the epidermis.
B) the growth of cartilage. C) the pattern of collagen fibers in the dermis.
D) over-stretching of the dermis.
E) uncontrolled line dancing at Country and Western bars.
5) _____ Which of the following is/are found in the reticular layer of the skin?
A) blood vessels. B) sensory nerve endings. C) oil glands. D) all of the above.
E) none of the above.
6) _____ Gray hair is due to: A) a lack of melanin in the cuticle. B) air bubbles
in the hair cortex.
C) decreased blood circulation. D) too much partying. E) the pigment trichosiderin.
7) _____ The glands that begin to secrete their products at puberty and add
to body odor are called: A) eccrine sweat glands. B) apocrine sweat glands.
C) ceruminous sweat glands. D) sebaceous glands. E) puboiferous glands.
8) _____ Langerhans cells are: A) sensory cells of the skin. B) specialized
melanocytes.
C) immune cells of the skin. D) resident bacteria on the skin. E) next door
to Al Quida cells.
9) _____ The muscle cells which act on hair follicles are called: A) arrector
pili. B) errector pini. C) arrector plexi. D) errector foli. E) none of the
above.
10) ____ Fibrocartilage is found in: A) bone. B) intervertebral discs. C) the
outer ear .
D) trachea. E) all joints.
11) ____ Transitional epithelium is found in the: A) skin. B) bladder. C) mammary
glands. D) stomach lining. E) linings of the lung.
12) _____ Which term does NOT belong with the other four? A) blood. B) bone.
C) fibrocartilage D) cardiac E) reticular.
13) _____ Pseudostratified ciliated epithelium is found in the: A) lining of
the trachea. B) bladder.
C) skin. D) kidney. E) A & C.
14) _____ Intercalated discs are found in: A) smooth muscle. B) the vertebral
column.
C) Pentium III computers. D) cardiac muscle. E) blood.
15) ______ GAGs (glycosaminoglycans) in cartilage help the tissue: A) carry
out a high rate of mitosis. B) attract blood vessels. C) retain water. D) be
elastic. E) maintain its sense of humor.
16) ______Simple squamous epithelium is found where __________ is important.
A) protection.
B) elasticity. C) passive transport. D) active transport. E) bulk movements.
17) ______ The most abundant tissue type found in the dermis is: A) dense irregular
connective tissue.
B) dense regular connective tissue. C) blood. D) adipose. E) stratified squamous
epithelium.
18) _______ Elastic cartilage is found in the: A) knee joint. B) intervertebral
discs. C) ear (pinna).
D) all of the above. E) A & B.
19)_______ Edema commonly occurs in: A) dense irregular connective tissue.
B) reticular tissue. C) adipose. D) areolar . E) skeletal muscle.
20) ______ Meissner’s corpuscles are ______ that are located in the __________.
A) pressure receptors, epidermis. B) fine touch, epidermis C) fine touch, papillary
zone of dermis.
D) pressure receptors, hypodermis. E) fine touch, reticular zone of dermis.
Matching: (1 pt each). Match the layer of the epidermis with its description
| 21) _____ found only in areas of thick skin. | A) stratum corneum |
| 22) _____ layer that produces dandruff | B) stratum granulosum |
| 23) _____ next to (borders) the dermis. | C) stratum lucidum |
| 24) _____ high rate of keratinization begins in this layer | D) stratum basale |
| 25) _____ origin of squamous cell carcinoma | E) stratum spinosum |
| 26) _____ layer with melanocytes |
Match the tissue with its description: (1 pt each)
27) ______ Can be keratinized or non-keratinized |
A) epithelial |
| 28) ______ Defined by layering and shape of cells | B) connective |
| 29) ______ Defined by cell type and extracellular matrix | C) nervous |
| 30) ______ Voluntary and involuntary, striated and non-striated | D) muscle |
| 31) ______ Loose and dense (besides Anna Nicole Smith and most of the people on TV dating shows). | E) C & D |
| 32)______ Glia are abundant cells in this tissue | |
| 33) _____ Most glands are derived from this tissue. |
Match the type of burn with its description (1 pt each)
| 34) _____ "full-thickness burn" | A) first degree |
| 35) _____ blistering occurs | B) second degree burn |
| 36) _____ a mild to moderate sunburn | C) third degree |
| 37) _____ burn, baby, burn, Disco inferno | D) B & C |
| 38) _____ the dermis is damaged | E) none of the above |
| 39) _____ can't regenerate lost tissue and skin grafts are required | |
| 40) _____ loss of sensation is common |
Fill Ins: 1-2 pts each
The ________________ of ________________ is used to estimate the extent of burns.
Sebaceous glands of the skin secrete _______________________________ (be specific).
The enzyme that produces melanin is called _________________________________.
The epidermis is _____________________ _______________________ epithelium.
The key threats to life from third-degree burns are _______________________________
and ______________________________________________________.
The most abundant type of cartilage is ____________________________cartilage.
Fibers of connective tissue may be ________________, __________________ or reticular.
All cells in a simple epithelium are anchored to a structure called the _______________
____________________.
Embryonic connective tissue is called ___________________________________.
List four age-related changes in the skin and its associated structures. (4 pts)
People living in Arizona have lower rates of osteoporoisis and lower death rates from breast and colon cancer than people living in New York.. How has this been explained by medical researchers? (4 pts)
What factors (cells, pigments) determine a person's skin color? (4 pts)
How is the skin "protective” in terms of both anatomy and physiology? (3 features, 6 pts)
What is a stretch mark? What can cause them in a man? (4 pts)
What is rickets? What are its symptoms and causes? (4 pts)
What is a decubitis ulcer and what causes one? Why would an elderly person be
more prone to decubitis ulcers? (4 pts)
What is malignant melanoma? Is it more or less dangerous than basal cell carcinoma? Why?
What are the “A” and “B” of the "ABCD" method of diagnosing melanoma? (6 pts)
What is "DHT" and how does it relate to hair loss and hair regrowth (restoration)? (4 pts)
Identify the layers or regions
of the skin indicated below. (Picture of skin with 5 structures labeled).
Extra Credits
What is a pheromone? How do you make a Pharaoh moan? (3 pts)
What is a structural difference between an apocrine and an eccrine gland?
Where is stratified cuboidal epithelium found? (be specific)
Predict the score of Game 5 of the World Series. Angels ___________, Giants ___________.
The unofficial mascot of the Angels is the Rally ____________________.