Biology 222, Exam 3
April 24, 2003

Multiple Choice: 1 pt each. Use Scantron for Questions 1 - 40

1) ______ An average red blood cell lives for: A) 3-4 days. B) 3-4 weeks C) 3-4 months.
D) 3-4 years. E) a life time.

2)_______ A person with AB blood can receive AB blood and A) A blood. B) B blood.
C) O blood. D) A & B only. E) A, B and O.

3) _______ The P wave of the ECG is due to the: A) depolarization of the atria. B) repolarization of the atria. C) depolarization of the ventricles. D) repolarization of the ventricles. E) fun-loving fans of the Phillies, Pirates,or Penguins who live in Philadelphia or Pittsburg, Pennsylvania.

4)_______ The depolarization of the ventricles is represented in an ECG recording by the: A) P wave. B) RST complex C) QRS complex. D) T wave. E) none of the above.

5) _______ The A and B antigens of red blood cells are: A) phospholipids. B) proteins.
C) carbohydrates. D) nucleic acids. E) none of the above.

6) _______ The most abundant protein in plasma is: A) plasmin. B) hemoglobin.
C) bilirubin. D) albumin. E) fibrin.

7) _______ The amount of blood in the ventricle just prior to systole is called the ______ volume:
A) end-diastolic B) end-systolic C) ventricle ejection D) isovolumetric E) pumpupda

8)_______ The plateau portion of the cardiac action potential is the period of: A) increased calcium influx. B) increased sodium influx. C) increased calcium efflux. D) increased potassium efflux.

9)_______ The chemical catalyst that converts fibrinogen to fibrin is: A) factor X.
B) prothrombin. C) thrombin. D) thromboplastin.. E) plasmin.

10)_______ The “leaky” capillaries found in the spleen, pituitary, and bone marrow are classified as:
A) continuous. B) fenestrated. C) sinusoids. D) elastic. E) laminar.

11)_______ Hemoglobin can transport: A) carbon dioxide. B) oxygen. C) water
D) all of the above. E) A & B.

12) _______ Which of the following is the most numerous white blood cell type?
A) eosinophil. B) neutrophil. C) doctorphil. D) monocyte. E) lymphocyte

13) _______ Carbon monoxide is a dangerous toxin because it: A) lowers hemoglobin levels. B) disturbs the level of plasma bicarbonate. C) competes with oxygen for the binding site on heme.
D) all of the above. E) none of the above.

14) _______ Vitamin B-12 deficiency can result in: A) hemorrhagic anemia. B) pernicious anemia.
C) sickle cell anemia. D) hemophilia. E) vicious anemia

15) _______ Which of the following is NOT normally found in plasma? A) fibrinogen. B) globulins.
C) albumin. D) hemoglobin. E) water.

16) _______ Plasmin: A) helps to remove blood clots. B) stimulates fibrinolysis.
C) stimulates platelet aggregation. D) A & B. E) none of the above.

17) _______ The innermost layer of the heart is known as the: A) myocardium.
B) endocardium. C) visceral pericardium. D) pericardium. E) epicardium.

18) _______ The cardiovascular center is in: A) the cerebral cortex. B) the hypothalamus.
C) the medulla oblongata. D) the carotid sinus. E) Los Robles Hospital.

19) _______ An increase in venous pressure can: A) increase end-diastolic volume.
B) increase stroke volume. C) increase the strength of contraction of the heart.
D) all of the above. E) none of the above.

20) ______ The blood vessel layer that contains smooth muscle is the tunica:
A) externa. B) media. C) interna D) intermedialis. E) musculo beachialis.

21) _____ The aorta is a example of a/an: A) muscular artery. B) distributing artery. C) elastic artery.
D) thoroughfare artery. E) varicose artery.

22) ______ The temporary low blood pressure and dizziness caused by quickly rising from a reclining or sitting position is called ________ hypotension. : A) secondary. B) vestibular. C) chronic
D) orthostatic. E) orthomattress.

23)______ When end diastolic volume decreases: A) cardiac output decreases
B) stroke volume increases. C) stroke volume decreases. D) A & C. E) B & C.

24) ______ Angina pectoris is: A) the referred pain due to damage to the myocardium. B) is the clinical name for a heart murmur. C) is a form of endocarditis. D) a type of hemolytic anemia.
E) an opera singer who just recorded duets with both Andrea Bocelli and Celine Dion.

25) ______At any one time, most of the body's blood is found in the: A) arteries. B) arterioles.
C) capillaries. D) veins. E) slow lanes of the 405.

Match the chamber of the heart with its description: (1 pt each)

Match the clotting pathway associated with the following: (1 pt each)

If a person has a blood pressure of 140/80, what is his or her:

Aged red blood cells are removed primarily by the _____________________________.

Bilirubin is a breakdown product of __________________________________ (be specific)

Cutting a vessel first stimulates _____________________________, which is followed by the

aggregation of _________________________ forming a plug. The final phase of hemostasis is called___________________ and results in the formation of an insoluble protein called ___________

Blood pressure and velocity decreases in small arterioles and capillaries because of the
increase/decrease in ___________ ______________________ _______________ of the vessels.

The three sources of peripheral resistance (to blood flow) are: ________________________
__________________, ______________ ______________ and ___________ ____________.

Aspirin is an anti-coagulant because it ________________________________________ (be specific!)

If the radius of a vessel doubles in size, blood flow would increase/decrease by __________ times.

The “pumps” that aid the return of blood to the heart are the _______________________ pump
and the _________________ ___________________ pump. (not the heart!)

The white blood cells that produce antibodies are _____________________________.

Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disease that is due to a subtle defect in the structure of
________________________. (be specific)

The granules of eosinophils normally stain ________________ using conventional stains.

Carbonic anhydrase in RBCs converts carbon dioxide and water to ________________________.

Complete the sequence of electrical conducting system of the heart: SA Node _______-->
_______________ -->___________________ --> left and right bundle branches -->
___________________________________________.

Blood flow through capillary beds is regulated by ______________________ sphincters.

The hormonal system that helps regulate blood pressure is often abbreviated “RAAS.” Name
one of the two “A’s”. __________________________________

Using the graphic of the cardiac cycle below, answer the questions below.

The period between 1 and 3 is called ventricular ____________________________. It consists of
two periods; the period between 1 and 2 is called _______________________________________, and the period between 2 and 3 is called _______________________________________.

The phase between 3 and 4 begins with the opening / closing of the ______________________
valve (3A), and ends with the opening / closing of the ________________ valve (4A)

Contraction of the atria delivers approximately ___________ mls blood to the ventricle.

The end-systolic volume seen here is _____________________ mls.

Extra credit: The blip indicated by the (*) is called the _____________________ and is due to
______________________________________________________________________.

Artie Sclerosis has a cardiac cycle of 1.5 seconds (one beat every 1.5 seconds), an end-systolic volume of 50 mls and an end-diastolic volume of 150 mls. What is Artie’s: (make sure you include units -- e.g., mls per hour, gallons per year)
Heart rate? ________ __________. Stroke volume_________ ____________.
Cardiac Output? _________ __________ Ejection Fraction? ______________.
What “condition” might Artie have? _________________________________________

The Frank-Starling Law of the Heart states: (4 pts)

What is the Rh factor? How is it related to the hemolytic disease of the newborn (erythroblastosis fetalis)? (4 pts)

Extra-credits:
What is a bililight?

What celebrity couple was parodied in a recent episode of South Park?

What was William Harvey’s contribution to the study of circulation?
A) He donated 5 pounds during the circulation telethon on PBS.
B) He accurately described the function of the heart valves.
C) He accurately described the one-way flow of blood and the function of valves in veins.
D) He discovered the SA node.
E) He discovered the hepatic portal system.

Dr. Waller was the pioneer of the ECG. Perhaps his most famous subject was his:
A) pet bulldog, Jimmy. B) pet chimp, Jimmy. C) son, Jimmy “Fats” Waller.
D) gay lover, Jimmy. E) butler, Mr. T (and that’s how the T wave got its name)